-ptysis spitting分散 melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰 -poiesis production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用,生血作用 -rrhage/ -rrhagia bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多 -rrhaphy surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术 -rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢 -(o)rrhexis splitting or rupture 撕裂,破裂,疝气 amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂 -sarcoma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤 -schesis a holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍;抑制排放 uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿,尿潴留 -sclerosis a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病 -scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器 -scopy process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查 -spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛 -stasis suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制,中止 hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding 止血,止血法 -stenosis abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄 laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄 -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body造口 colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon结肠造口术 -tention pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压 -therapy treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理疗法 --tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院 -tocia labor; birth 生产 embryotocia: abortion 流产 -tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀 -tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术 -tropia turning 转弯,变向 esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视 -trophy nourishment or development of an organ器官的营养、发育 dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism营养不良 -uria a condition of the urine(小便) dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难 -version turning eversion: a turning outward外翻,翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes Prefix Meaning Example a-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症 ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产 ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的 acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲 alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白发病者 amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋 amphi-/ ampho- both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel起止同源的血管 ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢 Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤 ante- before antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的,怀孕期的 anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂 audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定 auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells自身抗体 bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells两室的 bio- living organisms生命体 biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学 brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate心动过缓 carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌;瘤 carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物 cata- downwards; under; against; along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障 centi- one hundredth百分之一 centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米 co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的,血缘的,密切的 contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法,节育法 de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的 deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克 deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升 di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言 dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法 dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解,破裂 dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形 echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记,超声心动描记术 ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外生软骨瘤 en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣 endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜 epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮 ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞 eso- inward; within(向内) esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视 eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection优生学 ex-/ exo- out of exhale: to breath out 呼出 extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的 hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂 hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水 hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症 hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血钾 in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近亲交配 in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense语无伦次 infra-
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