-ptysis
spitting分散
melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰
-poiesis
production
hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用
-rrhage/
-rrhagia
bursting forth of blood 出血
menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多
-rrhaphy
surgical sewing or suturing
splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术
-rrhea
overflow
hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢
-(o)rrhexis
splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气
amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac
羊膜破裂
-sarcoma
malignant tumor developing from connective tissue
liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat
脂肪肉瘤
-schesis
a holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍；抑制排放
uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留
-sclerosis
a hardening
dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病
-scope
instrument for viewing
stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器
-scopy
process of examining visually
hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查
-spasm
involuntary contraction
angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛
-stasis
suppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止
hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding
止血，止血法
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄
laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄
-stomy
surgical opening to the outside of the body造口
colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon结肠造口术
-tention
pressure
hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压
-therapy
treatment
physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理疗法
--tion
process
hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院
-tocia
labor; birth 生产
embryotocia: abortion 流产
-tome
tool for incision
arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀
-tomy
process of cutting into
gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术
-tropia
turning 转弯，变向
esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视
-trophy
nourishment or development of an organ器官的营养、发育
dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism营养不良
-uria
a condition of the urine（小便）
dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难
-version
turning
eversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转
Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes
Prefix
Meaning
Example
a-/an-
without; not
aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症
ab-
away from
abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产
ad-
to; toward; near
adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的
acro-
a point or tip
acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲
alb-
white
albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白发病者
amb-/
ambi-
both
ambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 双性恋
amphi-/
ampho-
both; both sides
amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel起止同源的血管
ana-
up; back again
anabolism: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢
Angio-
a blood vessel
angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤
ante-
before
antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的
anti-
against
antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂
audi-
hearing; sound
audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定
auto-
self
autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells自身抗体
bi-
two; twice
bicellular: two cells两室的
bio-
living organisms生命体
biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学
brady-
slow
bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate心动过缓
carcin-
carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤
carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物
cata-
downwards; under; against;
along with
cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白内障
centi-
one hundredth百分之一
centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter)厘米
co(n)-
with or together
consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的
contra-
against
contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法
de-
removal or loss
decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的
deca-
ten
decagram: ten grams 十克
deci-
tenth
deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升
di-
two
diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言
dia-
through; between; apart; across
diathermy: process of (treating) through heat
透热疗法
dis-
reversal or separate
disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂
dys-
bad; difficult; disordered
dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形
echo-
sound
echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记，超声心动描记术
ect-/
ecto-
outside or outer
ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外生软骨瘤
en-
in; within
enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣
endo-
inside
endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜
epi-
on; over
epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮
ery-
red
erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞
eso-
inward; within(向内)
esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视
eu-
good
eugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection优生学
ex-/ exo-
out of
exhale: to breath out 呼出
extra-
outside
extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的
hemi-
half
hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂
hydro-
water
hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such as the scrotum阴囊积水
hyper-
higher or too much
hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症
hypo-
less or too little
hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血钾
in-
in or into
inbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近亲交配
in-
not
incoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense语无伦次
infra-
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